Codex Borgia

"“One of the books requested is the “Codex Borgia,” recognized as one of the best-preserved of the few surviving pre-Columbian painted manuscripts. The colorful and exquisitely detailed screen-fold book, created in the central highlands of Mexico, is known for its illustrations of Mesoamerican gods and rituals. It also includes visual representations of the tonalpohualli, as the ritual calendar was called in the Nahuatl language." "Because scholars have observed no traces of European influence, the “Codex Borgia” is thought to date from the decades immediately preceding the arrival of the Spanish, likely the late 15th or early 16th century. It was sent to Europe at some point in the early colonial period; its whereabouts remained unknown until 1805, when it was discovered among the personal effects of Cardinal Stefano Borgia in Rome — consequently acquiring its contemporary name. The manuscript was transferred to the Apostolic Library of the Vatican in the late 19th century, where it is housed today."—Valentina Di Liscia https://hyperallergic.com/598115/mexico-asks-vatican-for-temporary-return-of-ancient-indigenous-manuscripts/