Programmed Machine

Maurizio Bolognini's "Programmed Machines" series is a foundational piece of the connection of graphic design and digital technology. Bolognini not only questioned the place of the artist in the digital age by teaching computers to create images forever, but he also foresaw the trend in graphic design toward algorithmic and generative methods. 

This study places Bolognini's work within the larger progression of graphic design techniques from the late 20th century to now by analyzing its technical, aesthetic, and philosophical foundations. The essay makes the case that "Programmed Machines" represents an important stage in the history of graphic design, when the start of digital and generative techniques increased the designer's toolset and influenced modern design approaches, such as user interface design and dynamic branding.